Word Problem - Number Problem, 2

Category: Algebra

"Published in Newark, California, USA"

Determine the value of a 3-digit number if the unit's digit is 5 more than the hundred's digit and the ten's digit is one more than twice the hundred's digit if the sum of the digits is 2 more than twice the unit's digit.

Solution:

The given word problem above is about getting the value of a three digit number with given conditions for each digit. Let's analyze the given word problem as follows:

Let x = be the value of hundred's digit
      x + 5 = be the value of unit's digit
      2x + 1 = be the value of ten's digit

If the given word problem says ".....if the sum of the digits is 2 more than twice the unit's digit." then the working equation will be

Solve for the value of x. This will be the value of hundred's digit.

The value of hundred's digit = x = 3

The value of unit's digit = x + 5 = 3 + 5 = 8

The value of ten's digit = 2x + 1 = 2(3) + 1 = 6 + 1 = 7

Therefore, the value of a three digit number is 378. 

 

Homogeneous Functions - Arbitrary Constant, 2

Category: Differential Equations, Analytic Geometry, Integral Calculus

"Published in Newark, Callifornia, USA"

Find the equation of a curve whose slope at any point is equal to y/(y - x) and which passes through the point (-1, 2).

Solution:

If you want get the slope of a curve at any point whose variables are second degree, third degree, fourth degree, and so on, then you need to take the first derivative of a curve with respect to an independent variable which is x in common. In this case, the given slope of a curve can be written as

The above equation cannot be solved by Separation of Variables because dy is multiplied by (y - x) and there's no way to separate the variables. This type of equation is Homogeneous Function. We have to substitute a variable with another variable first in order to solve the given equation by Separation of Variables as follows:

Let

so that

Substitute the value of y and dy to the above equation, we have

The above equation can now be solved by Separation of Variables as follows

Since the right side of the equation is a rational function in which the denominator has two factors, then it must be expressed into partial fractions:

Multiply both sides of the equation by their Least Common Denominator (LCD) which is u(2 - u), we have

Equate their u:

Equate their constants:

Substitute the value of A to other equation in order to solve for the value of B

Substitute the values of A and B to the original equation, we have

Integrate on both sides of the equation

Apply the laws of logarithm to the above equation

Take the inverse natural logarithm on both sides of the equation

Square on both sides of the equation

where C² = D

We know that

Substitute the value of u to the above equation, we have

But x = -1 and y = 2 from the given point of a curve which is (-1, 2), then the value of D will be equal to

Therefore, the equation of a curve that passes thru the point (-1, 2) is